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Can the public apply for information from any public authority under the RTI law?

Yes, the law should be applied to all relevant public authorities, including ministries, state agencies, and local authorities. 

The Federal RTI law should ensure effective alignment with the constitutional delineation of powers between the state and federal government in its scope and administration of the law.

How can the public get the information?

By default, all information held by public officials should be proactively disclosed on their website/s. 

In the event, you may need to access information, it should be in both a digital and physical format via email, in person or other accessible methods. 

There should also be meaningful access for persons with disabilities. 

How will I know where to get information?

Under the RTI law, everyone has not just access but EASY access to information. This means where you can get that information is also easily accessible. The list of government agencies that hold information is expected to be consistently updated and publicly shared.

This RTI legislation is Federal legislation, but does it affect state authorities? How does that work?

This legislation imposes a requirement to disclose information at all levels of government but it allows each state to retain its administration and scope of information disclosure.

The new RTI legislation should ensure effective alignment with the constitutional delineation of powers between the state and federal government in its scope and administration of the law.

Do I need a reason to make an information request?

Absolutely not! You do not have to provide any reason whatsoever.

Vexatious requests could however be rejected.

Can I use the RTI Act to ask for information on the delay in garbage collection, water and electrical cuts, and road repairs in my residential area?

Of course you may use it! The RTI law should be used to gain information on your needs and engage with your local authorities.

This will nurture participatory democracy among the local citizens and allow them to play an active role in engaging actively with the government.

Should I be worried about what information people can share about me if the RTI Legislation is implemented?

Do not worry! No information that contains personal data or identifiable personal information will be made public. Information that threatens national security or defence will also not be shared with the public.

Any restrictions or non-disclosure will undergo a harm test or public interest test. You can find a list of exemptions here.

What happens to my personal data if someone asks for my status of marriage, salary, or medical records?

Don’t worry! Personal data is being protected under RTI law since it involves sensitive data.

Information can only be disclosed if it pertains to public interest and affects people at large.

But what if someone does end up misusing the information they get from this RTI legislation? How will that be dealt with?

All information disclosed should be proactively published under a disclosure scheme, ensuring it is public to all and preventing its misuse.

But what if you need information now and can’t get it? What can you do to get information?

If you are a resident of Selangor and Penang, you can file an FOI request in the respective states. All state agencies in Selangor and Penang have information officers to handle information requests. All you have to do is fill in a form! Visit the Tumpang Tanya website to find out more.

Are there still barriers to RTI even if the CSO Model RTI Bill is introduced?

Yes, there are quite a few.

  1. Firstly, this legislation does not cover private business transactions or the private sector since they are not answerable to the public.
  2. Secondly, there are still many repressive laws that prevent information that should be free and open from being disclosed and the protection of personal data like the Official Secrets Act 1972 (OSA), Section 203A of the Penal Code, the Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) and the Whistleblower Protection Act 2010. (refer to our Memorandum to the Minister of the Legal Affairs Division to learn more about why these laws are a barrier to a progressive RTI regime and our proposed reforms)

I need particular information, but somebody has classified it as ‘secret’ or ‘confidential’ under the Official Secrets Act. Under this new Right to Information regime, can information still be classified under the Official Secrets Act?

Yes, information can still be classified under the Official Secrets Act (OSA) on the basis of  restricted grounds as stated in the OSA.

However, the information officer will have to justify why that information cannot be disclosed on the basis of the harm it might cause to public interest.

Further, on appeal the Information Commission can still require documents to be declassified based on public interest.

What about if the government information officer refuses to give me the information?

Then you can appeal to the Information Commission. You can also avail yourself to court processes if your appeal fails.

Why should information be disclosed based on public interest?

  • To determine whether access to the information or document would:
    1.       Promote Malaysia’s participatory democracy by contributing towards increasing public participation in government processes, with a view to promote informed decision making;
    2.       Enable public to review and comment on the government’s activities;
    3.       Inform debate on matters of public importance;
    4.       Promote effective oversight of public expenditure; and
    5.       Allow a person to access own personal information.
  • To increase recognition that information held by the Government is to be managed for public purposes, and is a national resource.

What irrelevant factors should not be considered when deciding whether access to the information or document is against the public interest?

  • Access to the information or document could result in embarrassment to the Malaysian government or cause a loss of confidence in the government;
  • Access to the information or document could result in any person misinterpreting or misunderstanding the information or document;
  • The author of the document or holder of information was (or is) of high seniority in the agency to which the request for access to the document was made;
  • Access to the document could result in confusion or unnecessary debate.

Do you have to pay for information?

Yes! You may have to pay a minimal cost for reproduction of that information. This could include the cost for digitization or physical reproduction (printing or photocopying).

Can a new RTI legislation implemented at a federal level coexist with the Freedom of Information Enactments implemented in Penang and Selangor?

Yes, it can. The Federal Constitution has lists regarding the exercise of administration and information by federal government, state government or both called the Federal List, State List and Concurrent List.

This will allow these laws to coexist and discern which bodies have control over information in which institutions.

Can the information officer be held liable under the RTI Legislation?

Yes! The Information Commission can call the information officers to a hearing to explain their reasons for rejecting any information requested.

Can an information officer be held liable for disclosing information in good faith under the RTI legislation?

No, they would not be.

The RTI law should not be punitive and should provide protection against any liability for public authorities, including information officers who disclose information in good faith under the legislation.

How will this benefit the government?

We know it adds more scrutiny to the government, but in an era of distrust towards the government, by adding a layer of accountability, transparency, and openness, we can fill in the gaps in that trust deficit, increasing public sentiment of the government.

Proactive disclosure or publication schemes would also prevent misinformation or disinformation, as public information would be readily accessible.